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wristlock
A Wristlock is a joint lock primarily affecting the wrist-joint and possibly the radioulnar joints through rotation of the hand. A wristlock is typically applied by grabbing the opponent's hand, and bending and/or twisting it. Wristlocks are very common in martial arts such as Aikido, Hapkido and jujutsu where they are featured as self-defense techniques. They are also used as submission holds in combat sports such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu (where the most common name is ''mão de vaca'', "the cow's hand") and Catch wrestling. While being an illegal technique in modern Sambo〔Amateur Athletic Union. (SOMBO competition ). ''www.aausports.org''. URL last accessed February 4, 2006.〕 and Judo〔International Judo Federation. (IJF Referee Rules ). ''www.ijf.org''. URL last accessed March 6, 2006.〕 competitions, it is still practiced in judo forms of self-defense kata Kodokan Goshin Jutsu.〔http://judoinfo.com/katagosh.htm〕 Wristlocks are also widely used by law enforcement and military as pain compliance hold.
The wristlock is a technique that can be applied from a stand-up position, simply by grabbing the opponent's hand and twisting and/or bending it in a non-natural direction. It is considered to be a relatively safe technique to practice with a willing opponent,〔Lowry, Dave. (Pain Management ). ''www.blackbeltmag.com''. URL accessed on February 11, 2006.〕 but if applied suddenly and/or forcefully, a wristlock can cause ligament tears or possibly even dislocation or bone fractures.
Mixed Martial Arts organizations usually allow wrist locks but they are almost never performed due to the MMA gloves and wrist wraps which stabilize the wrist. Wrist locks are also seen as being easy to defend against and often leave the attacker vulnerable to punches and elbow strikes. One notable use of a wristlock was by Royce Gracie against Akebono Taro.
== Major methods of wrist manipulation ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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