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xiezhi
Xiezhi (Chinese: 獬豸) or Haetae ( ''Haetae'', often spelled ''Haitai'' or ''Haechi'') is a legendary creature in Chinese and Korean mythology.
==China==
According to the legend, Chinese magistrate Gao Yao had a unicorn goat called the ''zhi'' (廌), which he used in criminal proceedings, whenever he was in doubt. The animal instinctively knew the innocent from the guilty; it butted the latter with its horn.〔Jeannie Thomas Parker, ''The Mythic Chinese Unicorn'', http://chinese-unicorn.com/ch01/〕
Mentions of the xiezhi in Chinese literature can be traced back to the Han Dynasty, where it is described by the scholar Yang Fu as a "righteous beast, which rams the wrong party when it sees a fight, and bites the wrong party when it hears an argument". It is also described in the Shuowen Jiezi as being "a cattle-like beast with one horn; in ancient times, it settled disputes by ramming the party at fault".
As an inherently just beast, the xiezhi was used as a symbol of justice and law. The Censorate of the Ming and Qing eras, who were responsible for the monitoring of the civil service, wore the xiezhi as a badge of office. Similarly, military policemen of the Republic of China wear badges bearing the xiezhi, and it is engraved on the gavels in the law courts of the People's Republic of China.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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