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xylenol
Xylenol are organic compounds with the formula (CH3)2C6H3OH. They are volatile colorless solids or oily liquids. They are derivatives of phenol with two methyl groups and a hydroxyl group. Six isomers exist, of which 2,6-xylenol with both methyl group in an ortho position with respect to the hydroxyl group is the most important. The name ''xylenol'' is a portmanteau of the words xylene and phenol.
2,4-dimethylphenol together with other xylenols and many other compounds are traditionally extracted from coal tar, the volatile materials obtained in the production of coke from coal. These residue contains a few percent by weight of xylenols as well as cresols and phenol. The main xylenols in such tar are the 3,5-, 2,4, and 2,3- isomers. 2,6-Xylenol is produced by methylation of phenol using methanol in the presence of metal oxide catalysts:〔Helmut Fiegein "Cresols and Xylenols" in ''Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry'', 2007; Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. 〕
:C6H5OH + 2 CH3OH → (CH3)2C6H3OH + 2 H2O
==Properties==
The physical properties of the six isomeric xylenols are similar.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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