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A xyloside is a type of glycoside derived from the sugar xylose. Proteoglycan (PG) synthesis is initiated by the transfer of D-xylose from UDP-xylose to a serine residue in core proteins. This natural primer acts as a template for the assembly of heparin sulfate, heparin, chondroitin sulfate, and dermatan sulfate side chains, depending on the tissue. However, in 1973 it was determined that synthetic B-D-xylosides can prime glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis by substituting for the core xylosylated protein. Many Beta-D-xylosides have been studied for use as xylose primes with varying results.〔Esko and Montgomery 1995〕 # Priming requires the Beta-anomer of xylose.〔Galligani et al. 1975〕 # Priming activity correlates with the activity of the aglycone (cite). # The most active xyloside primers contain O or S in glycosidic linkage.〔Sobue et al. 1987〕 # Priming is dose dependent.〔Esko et al. 1987〕〔Lugemwa and Esko 1991〕 # Beta-D-xylosides prime GAGs in most cells. # Most of the material created from Beta-D-xylosides priming is excreted into the growth media. # Beta-D-xylosides prime chondroitin sulfate or dermatan slfate whereas priming of heparin sulfate poorly, except with the appropriate aglycones.〔〔Fritz ''et al.'', 1994〕 Beta-D-xylosides consist of a xylose in beta linkage to an aglycone. The aglycone often consists of a hydrophobic compound which aids in carrying the sugar moiety to the golgi membrane where GAG synthesis takes place. == List of xylosides == * 2-naphthol-B-D-xyloside 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「xyloside」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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