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Yasna is the Avestan language name of Zoroastrianism's principal act of worship, and also the name of the primary liturgical collection of Avesta texts, recited during that ''yasna'' ceremony. The function of the ''yasna'' ceremony is, very roughly described, to strengthen the orderly spiritual and material creations of Ahura Mazda against the assault of the destructive forces of Angra Mainyu. The ''yasna'' service, that is, the recitation of the Yasna texts, culminates in the ''apæ zaothra'', the "offering to the waters." The ceremony may also be extended by recitation of the ''Visperad'' and ''Vendidad'' texts. A normal ''yasna'' ceremony, without extensions, takes about two hours when recited by an experienced priest. The ''Yasna'' texts constitute 72 chapters altogether, composed at different times and by different authors. The middle chapters include of the (linguistically) oldest texts of the Zoroastrian canon. These very ancient texts, in the very archaic and linguistically difficult Old Avestan language, include the four most sacred Zoroastrian prayers, and also 17 chapters comprising the five Gathas, hymns that are considered to have been composed by Zoroaster himself. Several sections of the ''Yasna'' include exegetical comments. ''Yasna'' chapter and verse pointers are traditionally abbreviated with ''Y.'' The Avestan language word ''yasna'' literally means 'oblation' or 'worship'. The word is linguistically (but not functionally) equivalent to Vedic ''Yajna''. Unlike Vedic ''Yajna'', Zoroastrian ''Yasna'' has "to do with water rather than fire." ==The service== The theological function of the ''yasna'' ceremony, and the proper performance of it, is to further ''asha'', that is, the ceremony aims to strengthen that which is right/true (one meaning of ''asha'') in the existence/creation (another meaning of ''asha'') of divine order (yet another meaning of ''asha''). The Encyclopedia Iranica summarizes the aim of the ''yasna'' ceremony as "the maintenance of the cosmic integrity of the good creation of Ahura Mazdā." Zoroastrianism's cosmological/eschatological perception of the purpose of humankind is to strengthen the orderly spiritual and material creations of Mazda against the assault of the destructive forces of Angra Mainyu. In that conflict, theologically speaking, mankind's primary weapon is the ''yasna'' ceremony, which is understood to have a direct, immediate effect: "()ar from being a symbolic act, the proper performance of the yasna is what prevents the cosmos from falling into chaos." The culminating act of the ''yasna'' ceremony is the Ab-Zohr, the "strengthening of the waters". The ''Yasna'' service, that is, the recitation of the Yasna texts, culminates in the ''Ab-Zohr'', the "offering to waters". The ''Yasna'' ceremony may be extended by recitation of the ''Visperad'' and ''Vendidad''. A well-trained priest is able to recite the entire ''Yasna'' in about two hours. With extensions, it takes about an hour longer. In its normal form, the ''Yasna'' ceremony is only to be performed in the morning. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「yasna」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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