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yinz
''Yinz'' is a second-person plural pronoun used mainly in Western Pennsylvania including Pittsburgh, but it is also found throughout the Appalachians. (See: Pittsburgh English.)
==History and usage==
''Yinz'' is the most recent derivation from the original Scots-Irish form ''you ones'', which is probably the result of contact between Irish and English. When standard-English speakers talk in the first person or third person, they use different pronouns to distinguish between singular and plural. In the first person, for example, speakers use the singular ''I'' and the plural ''we''. But when speaking in the second person, ''you'' performs double duty as both the singular form and the plural form. Crozier (1984) suggests that during the 19th century, when many Irish speakers switched to speaking English, they filled this gap with ''you ones'', primarily because Irish has a singular second-person pronoun, ''tú'', as well as a plural form, ''sibh''. The following therefore is the most likely path from ''you ones'' to ''yinz'': ''you ones'' > ''you'uns'' >''youns'' > ''yunz'' > ''yinz'' . Because there are still speakers who use each form, there is no stable second-person plural pronoun form in southwest or central Pennsylvania—which is why this pronoun is variably referred to or spelled as ''you'uns'', ''y'ins'', ''y'uns'', ''yunz'', ''yuns'', ''yinz'', ''yenz'', ''yins'' or ''ynz''.
In other parts of the U.S., Irish or Scots-Irish speakers encountered the same gap in the second-person plural. For this reason, these speakers are also responsible for coining the ''youse'' found mainly in New York City, the Philadelphia dialect and New Jersey and the ubiquitous ''y'all'' of the South.
A similar form with similar Irish/Scots roots is found further north in the Atlantic Provinces of Canada. Rarely written, it is spelled ''yous'', and is usually pronounced as or something between and . It is sometimes combined with ''all'' for emphasis, as in "Are yous all coming to the party?"
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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