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Yips or the yips is the loss of fine motor skills without apparent explanation, in one of a number of different sports. Athletes affected by the yips demonstrate a sudden, unexplained loss of previous skills. Athletes affected by the yips sometimes recover their ability, sometimes compensate by changing technique, or may be forced to abandon their sport at the highest level. ==In golf== In golf, the yips is a movement disorder known to interfere with putting. The term ''yips'' is said to have been popularized by Tommy Armour—a golf champion and later golf teacher—to explain the difficulties that led him to abandon tournament play.〔Barkow, A. and Barrett, D. (1997) ''Golf Legends of All Time''. Publications International.〕 In describing the yips, golfers have used terms such as ''twitches'', ''staggers'', ''jitters'' and ''jerks''. The yips affects between one-quarter and one-half of all mature golfers.〔Smith et al., 2000.〕 Researchers at the Mayo Clinic found that 33 percent to 48 percent of all serious golfers have experienced the yips. Golfers who have played for more than 25 years appear to be most prone to the condition. Although the exact cause of the yips has yet to be determined, one possibility is that the condition may result from biochemical changes in the brain that accompany aging. Excessive use of the involved muscles and intense demands of coordination and concentration may make the problem worse. Giving up golf for a month may help. Focal dystonia is mentioned as another possibility for the real cause of yips.〔Farias J. Intertwined. How to induce neuroplasticity. A new approach to rehabilitating dystonias. Galene Editions 2012.〕 Golfers seriously afflicted by the yips include Padraig Harrington, Bernhard Langer, Ben Hogan, Harry Vardon, Sam Snead, Ian Baker-Finch, and Keegan Bradley, who missed a simple 6 inch putt in the final round of the 2013 HP Byron Nelson Championship due to the condition (although he may also have been suffering from Strabismus). At the 2015 Waste Management Open, golf commentator Nick Faldo suggested that Tiger Woods is possibly suffering from the yips. Interventions looking to treat the 'yips' have been few and far between. Most golfers have attempted trick strategies, either by changing their putter, their grip or even switching hands. However these strategies only provide temporary relief. On reporting performance of Tiger Woods in the 2014 Open, Jay Yarow from Business Insider said for Tiger there are not only putting "yips", but also driver "yips". 〔http://sports.yahoo.com/news/tiger-woods-era-over-145828661.html〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「yips」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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