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zanamivir
Zanamivir INN is a neuraminidase inhibitor used in the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza caused by influenza A and B viruses. It was developed by the Australian biotech firm Biota Holdings. It was licensed to Glaxo in 1990 and approved in the US in 1999, only for use as a treatment for influenza. In 2006, it was approved for prevention of influenza A and B.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fda.gov/newsevents/newsroom/pressannouncements/2006/ucm108622.htm )〕 Zanamivir was the first neuraminidase inhibitor commercially developed. It is currently marketed by GlaxoSmithKline under the trade name Relenza as a powder for oral inhalation.
==Medical uses==
Zanamivir is used for the treatment of infections caused by influenza A and influenza B viruses, but in otherwise-healthy individuals, benefits overall appear to be small. It decreases the risk of one's getting symptomatic, but not asymptomatic influenza. The combination of diagnostic uncertainty, the risk for virus strain resistance, possible side effects and financial cost outweigh the small benefits of zanamivir for the prophylaxis and treatment of healthy individuals.〔
As of 2009, no influenza has shown any signs of resistance in the US.〔
〕 Since then, genes expressing resistance to zanamivir were found in Chinese people infected with avian influenza A H7N9 during treatment with zanamivir.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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