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Öpir or ''Öper'' (Old Norse: ''ØpiR''/''Œpir'', meaning "shouter") was a runemaster who flourished during the late 11th century and early 12th century in Uppland, Sweden.〔The article ''Öpir'' in ''Nationalencyklopedin'' (1996).〕 He was the most productive of all the old runemasters〔(''Runristaren Öpir begåvad konstnär'', an announcement on the new dissertation by Marit Åhlén at Uppsala University. ), retrieved January 14, 2007.〕 and his art is classified as being in the highly refined Urnes style.〔 p. 197.〕 ==Work== During the 11th century, when most runestones were raised, the small number of professional runemasters and their apprentices were contracted to make runestones. When the work was finished, the stone was usually signed with the name of the runemaster.〔(Vilka kunde rista runor? ) at the Swedish National Heritage Board, retrieved March 3, 2015.〕 Öpir had been an associate or an apprentice of the runemaster Visäte.〔〔(The article ''Runristare'' at the Swedish Museum of National Antiquities ), retrieved January 13, 2007.〕 He has signed about 50 runestones, and an additional 50 runestones were probably made by him.〔〔 He was active mostly in southern and eastern Uppland, but there are stones made by him also in Gästrikland and Södermanland.〔 It is a characteristic of his runestones that there is a single rune serpent in the shape of an 8.〔(An article at the site of the Museum of Foteviken. ), retrieved January 13, 2007.〕 Moreover, the style is characterized by elegance and control in the complex intervolutions of the rune serpents.〔 His name Öpir was probably originally a nickname as it means "shouter," and used as his sobriquet.〔〔 p. 16.〕 On one runestone, U 485 in Marma,〔(Project Samnordisk Runtextdatabas Svensk ) - Rundata.〕 he gives his full name: OfæigR ØpiR.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Öpir」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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