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Özdere (, (:øzdeɾe)) is a Turkish coastal settlement and resort town in the Menderes district of İzmir Province, along the Aegean Sea coast. It has a permanent population of around 15,000 people, which can rise to nearly 100,000 during the summer as a result of its popularity amongst tourists.〔〔 It is located approximately northwest of the nearby resort town of Kuşadası and to the south of İzmir, the provincial seat. The town is situated within close proximity to numerous historical sites and is accessible via the Kuşadası-Selçuk-Seferihisar-Urla provincial road.〔 The area was settled and cultivated long before Turkish administration of the area, which is reflected in the several historical names the town once bore. During the Ottoman period the town was known as ''Kesri'', and it was not until the 1960s that the village underwent a considerable increase in density and population and started to be generally referred to by its current name, Özdere.〔 On June 3, 1979, a municipality was established in Menderes district under this name, with the official borders of the town being drawn. As of 2015, it was unincorporated as a result of the municipality's dissolution in 2008.〔 With a temperate climate and favorable location, the town is a local center of tourism, which its economy is primarily and steadfastly centered upon.〔 The customs and culture revolve around the behaviors of local business owners, the attire of residents, and its cuisine. Although several pharmacies and doctors practice in the area, as of 2015 the town no longer has an independent municipal health department ((トルコ語:sağlık ocağı)), and such affairs are operated and administered by the district. Numerous schools are located within or near the town and its vicinity.〔〔 The ease of access to the town makes the administration of several shuttle buses and share taxis by the province and from central İzmir to Özdere and its beaches possible. Dolmuş and coach buses also operate from the İzmir bus station and from other nearby towns such as Kuşadası and Seferihisar. The town can be reached from the İzmir Adnan Menderes International Airport, where rental car services and taxis can be used to the reach the town center, its neighborhoods, and nearby areas.〔〔 Ferry and yacht services can be found at several harbors within and near town.〔〔 ==History and toponymy== The areas surrounding the Gulf of İzmir and Karaburun Peninsula have been settled since prehistoric times, with the earliest settlements near Özdere dating back to 5000 B.C.〔 During the peak of the Bronze Age, during around the 2nd millennium B.C., the nearby lands were referred to as ''Kasura'' by resident Hittite clans, which was evidenced by the findings of ancient Arzawan structures and engravings atop the mountains of the peninsula.〔 Afterwards, when Ionian settlers and surveyors arrived in the area, numerous cities were built and several temples and sites of worship erected within the vicinity of Özdere, which they named ''Dios Hieron'' at the time. Nearby Ionian sites include the sanctuaries and cities of Claros, Notion, Teos, Lebedos, Colophon and Myonnessos.〔〔 In Myonnessos it is possible unearthed ancient coins were minted with the inscriptions ''MY'', although it is more likely that this occurred in Myus, also in Ionia but much farther south.〔 During this period, the historian Herodotus is also said to have visited the city on his travels across Asian Ionia and Anatolia.〔〔 The success of the coastal settlement of Dios Hieron continued into the Hellenistic and Roman conquests of western Anatolia. Previously overshadowed by nearby cities, Dios Hieron now increased in population and status. The city was situated along an important trade route from Ephesus, passing through Claros until the route reached Teos.〔 In Ionian times, the trade route was even more significant, as their Ancient Olympic Games were hosted in Teos and provided access to the games via the route through the plains of the fertile Aegean Region. It was during the end-B.C.E times and early C.E. that some of the most commonly used measurements of distance between the ancient sites of Ionia were made by the geographer Strabo, measuring approximately 120 stadia between Colophon and Lebedus and 70 between Colophon and Ephesus.〔〔 The first evidence of Turkish settlements in the area date back to the 14th and 15th centuries. Subsequently after the compromised Byzantine Empire lost many of its former territories to the Seljuk Turks, the fall of the Sultanate of Rum led to the partitioning of Asia Minor into small, loosely associated Anatolian beyliks, or principalities. One of these beyliks was the Principality of Aydın, which at the time reigned over a large southern portion of modern-day Izmir Province and the entire Karaburun Peninsula, as well as the lands of the future province of its namesake. The region which Özdere is located in today was discovered and settled in 1329 by the Aydinid and future Emir (Prince) of Aydın Umur Bey, and at the time was named the village of ''İpsili''. Doğan Bey, who also aided in the expedition, is the namesake of the current town, just west of Özdere today. During the annexation of the principality by the growing Ottoman Empire, which was once a beylik in itself, the areas surrounding İpsili were expanded, and as a result the village of ''Kesri'', in some situations referred to as ''Kesre'', was constructed and founded. The village continued to grow and remained under the same name until the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, when the influence of modern Turkish led the name of the village to be replaced, and during which a drastic intensification of urbanization efforts and the inevitable population increase in the area prompted the district of Menderes to establish the municipality of Özdere within itself.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Özdere」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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