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Ānanda (, (ビルマ語:အာနန္ဒာ) (:ʔànàɴdà)) was one of the ten principal disciples of Gautama Buddha. Amongst the Buddha's many disciples, Ānanda had the most retentive memory and most of the sutras of the ''Sutta Pitaka'' are attributed to his recollection of the Buddha's teachings during the First Buddhist council. For that, he was known as the ''Guardian of the Dharma''. == Role in the Pali Canon == According to the Buddha every Buddha in the past and to come will have two chief disciples and one attendant during his ministry. In the case of Gautama Buddha the pair of disciples were Sariputta and Maudgalyayana and the attendant Ānanda.. The word 'Ānanda' means 'bliss' in Pali, Sanskrit as well as other Indian languages. It is a popular name in India and Indonesia. In the Kannakatthala Sutta (MN 90), Ananda is identified with the meaning of his name: :Then King Pasenadi Kosala said to the Blessed One, "Lord, what is the name of this monk?" :"His name is Ananda, great king." :"What a joy he is! What a true joy!..." Ānanda was the first cousin of the Buddha by their fathers, and was devoted to him. In the twentieth year of the Buddha's ministry, he became the Buddha's personal attendant, accompanying him on most of his wanderings and taking the part of interlocutor in many of the recorded dialogues. He is the subject of a special panegyric delivered by the Buddha just before the Buddha's Parinibbana (the Mahaparinibbana Sutta (DN 16)); it is a panegyric for a man who is kindly, unselfish, popular, and thoughtful toward others. In the long list of the disciples given in the Anguttara Nikaya (i. xiv.) where each of them is declared to be the chief in some quality, Ānanda is mentioned five times (more often than any other). He was named chief in conduct, in service to others, and in power of memory. The Buddha sometimes asked him to substitute for him as teacher and then later stated that he himself would not have presented the teachings in any other way. To Ananda the canon attributes the inclusion of women in the early Sangha, the Buddha conceding to permit his step-mother Mahapajapati to ordain as a bhikkhuni only after Ananda prevailed upon the Buddha to publicly recognize women as being equal to men in potential for awakening. Ananda was criticized by members of the Sangha following the death of the Buddha for this action.〔Chakravarti, Uma. The Social Dimensions of Early Buddhism. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ananda」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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