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Ćuprija (Serbian Cyrillic: Ћуприја, , see names in other languages) is a town and administrative district in Serbia, at 43.93° North, 21.38° East. Ćuprija is part of Pomoravlje District (Serbian Cyrillic: Поморавски округ) in Serbia. The population of the town is 19,380, while municipality has 30,020 inhabitants. ==History== The Romans founded the town as a fort Horreum Margi (Horreum: ''Granary'', Margi: ''Morava'') on the road from Constantinople to Rome, where it crosses the river now known as Velika Morava. It served as a Roman military base, had a shield factory〔The later Roman Empire, 284-602: a social economic and administrative survey -Arnold Hugh Martin Jones〕 and gained the status of ''municipium'' before 224AD. In 505, the Romans were defeated by Goths and Huns under Mundo, a descendant of Attila the Hun.〔Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O by Tony Jaques〕 Under Slavic rule, it became known as Ravno (literal translation to English would be "flat"), since it is in a flat river valley. Some local names (of the villages Paljane and Isakovo, of the river Mirosava) recall the major clash in autumn 1191 between the Serbs (under Stefan Nemanja) and the Byzantines (under Emperor Isaac II Angelos). In the 15th century, Ćuprija became part of Ottoman Empire. After conquering this settlement, the Turks built a bridge or "''köprü''" in Turkish - hence the name of the town. Shortly after the First Serbian Uprising began, in 1805 one of the first and most important battles was won by Ivankovac, near Ćuprija. Serbian uprisers under the leadership of dukes Milenko Stojković, Petar Dobrnjac, and Stevan Sinđelić defeated a Turkish army which led to further spreading of the Uprising through all of Belgrade Pashaluk. Four years after that, in 1809, Ćuprija Elementary school was founded. During the Second Serbian Uprising, Serbian prince Miloš Obrenović made an oral agreement in Ćuprija which enabled Serbs in Belgrade Pashaluk to collect their own taxes, to participate in proceedings against Serbs and to establish a People's Office composed of Serbian princes. After Turks left Ćuprija in 1834, the town started to grow economically and eventually merged with the nearby villages of Mućava, Mrčajevci, and Žirovnica. In 1853, "Dobričevo" farm was founded. This led to the establishment of the Agricultural school in 1899. In 1911, a Sugar factory called "ŠELK 911" was founded. During the 19th century, Ćuprija was the center of Nahiyah. After 1890, it was the seat of Morvaski okrug (Morava county). From 1929 to 1941, Ćuprija was part of the Morava Banovina of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In World War Two, a special Ćuprija-Paraćin partisan troop was formed in order to fight against the German Wehrmacht. On September 26, 1941, 35 members of this troop were shot by German occupiers. The Second World War finally ended in Ćuprija on October 13, 1944, when town was liberated from the Wehrmacht during the so-called Belgrade Operation. During the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia in 1999, the town's centre was heavily damaged. Some buildings still remain in ruins. According to 2002 Census, the population was 20,411. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ćuprija」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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