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The Isha Upanishad (Devanagari: ईशोपनिषद् IAST ') is one of the shortest Upanishads, embedded as the final chapter (''adhyāya'') of the Shukla Yajurveda. It is a ''Mukhya'' (primary, principal) Upanishad, and is known in two recensions, called Kanva (VSK) and Madhyandina (VSM). The Upanishad is a brief poem, consisting of 17 or 18 verses, depending on the recension. It is a key scripture of the Vedanta sub-schools, and an influential Śruti to diverse schools of Hinduism. The name of the text derives from its incipit, ', "enveloped by the Lord",〔Ralph T. H. Griffith, (The Texts of the White Yajurveda ), pages 304-308〕 or "hidden in the Lord (Self)".〔Max Muller, The Upanishads, The Sacred Books of the East, Part 1, Oxford University Press, Reprinted by Routledge in 2013, ISBN 978-0700706006, Vol. 1, pages 311-319〕 The text discusses the Atman (Soul, Self) theory of Hinduism, and is referenced by both Dvaita (dualism) and Advaita (non-dualism) sub-schools of Vedanta.〔AK Bhattacharyya, Hindu Dharma: Introduction to Scriptures and Theology, ISBN 978-0595384556, pages 25-46〕〔Madhava Acharya, The Commentary of Sri Madhva on Isha and Kena Upanishad, ; also Isavasyopanisad bhasya sangraha, ISBN 978-8187177210, 〕 It is classified as a "poetic Upanishad" along with Kena, Katha, Svetasvatara and Mundaka by Paul Deussen (1908).〔Deussen, Paul (1908), The philosophy of the Upanishads〕 ==Etymology== The root of the word Ishvara comes from ''īś-'' (ईश, Ish) which means "capable of" and "owner, ruler, chief of",〔Arthur Anthony Macdonell (2004), A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-8120820005, page 47〕 ultimately cognate with English ''own'' (Germanic '' *aigana-'', PIE '' *aik-''). The word ''Isha'' (ईश) literally means "ruler, master, lord".〔(iza ) Sanskrit English Dictionary, Cologne University, Germany〕 The term ''vāsyam'' (वास्य) literally means "hidden in, covered with, enveloped by".〔(vAsya ) Sanskrit English Dictionary, Cologne University, Germany〕 Ralph Griffith and Max Muller, each interpret the term "Isha" in the Upanishad interchangeably as "Lord" and "Self" (one's soul).〔〔 Puqun Li translates the title of the Upanishad as "the ruler of the Self".〔P Li (2012), A Guide to Asian Philosophy Classics, Broadview Press, ISBN 978-1554810345, page 4〕 The Upanishad is also known as ''Ishavasya'' Upanishad and ''Vajasaneyi Samhita'' Upanishad.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Isha Upanishad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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