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Şanlıurfa
Şanlıurfa , , often simply known as Urfa in daily language (Arabic الرها ''ar-Ruhā'','' Kurdish ''Riha'', Syriac ܐܘܪܗ ''Urhoy''), in ancient times Edessa (Έδεσσα in Greek), is a city with 561,465 inhabitants〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://citypopulation.de/Turkey-C20.html )〕 in south-eastern Turkey, and the capital of Şanlıurfa Province. It is a city with a primarily Arab, Kurdish and Turkmen population. Urfa is situated on a plain about eighty kilometres east of the Euphrates River. Urfa's climate features extremely hot, dry summers and cool, moist winters.
==Name==
The city has been known by many names in history: Ուռհա ''Uṙha'' in Armenian, ܐܘܪܗܝ ''Urhai'' in Syriac, ره, الرها, ''Ar-Ruhā'' in Arabic and Ορρα, ''Orrha'' in Greek (also Ορροα, ''Orrhoa''). For a while during the rule of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (175 - 164 BCE) it was named ''Callirrhoe'' or ''Antiochia on the Callirhoe'' (). During Byzantine rule it was named ''Justinopolis''. Prior to Turkish rule, it was often best known by the name given it by the Seleucids, , ''Edessa''.
''Şanlı'' means "great, glorious, dignified" in Turkish, and Urfa was officially renamed Şanlıurfa (Urfa the Glorious) by the Turkish Grand National Assembly in 1984, in recognition of the local resistance in the Turkish War of Independence. The title was achieved following repeated requests by the city's members of parliament, desirous to earn a title similar to those of neighbouring cities 'Gazi' (veteran) Antep and 'Kahraman' (Heroic) Maraş.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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