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In the Babylonian magico-medical tradition, Šulak is the Lurker of the bathroom or the demon of the privy. Šulak appears in the Babylonian ''Diagnostic Handbook'' (Tablet XXVII), in which various diseases are described and attributed to the "hand" of a god, goddess, or spirit. A "Lurker" is a type of demon who lies in wait in places where a potential victim is likely to be alone. When a man attends to excretory functions or elimination, he is exposed and hence vulnerable: "Šulak will hit him!" The "hit" may be a type of "stroke" (''mišittu''). The demon referred to as "The Hitter" or "Striker" elsewhere in the handbook may be Šulak identified by an epithet. A much earlier reference to this demon is found in a Hittite diagnostic text.〔Marten Stol, ''Epilepsy in Babylonia'' (Brill, 1993), pp. 17, 71, and 76.〕 The "demon of the privy" ''(Sheid beit ha-Kisset)'' appears also in the Babylonian Talmud: Stroke and epilepsy were closely related in ancient medicine. This law is not included in the Mishneh Torah.〔Marc Shapiro, "Maimonidean Halakhah and Superstition," in ''Maimonidean Studies'' (Michael Scharf Publication Trust of Yeshiva University Press, 2000), vol. 4, pp. 88–89 (online. )〕 The lavatory demon takes the form of a goat in the Talmud (''Shabbat'' 67a, ''Berachot'' 62a).〔Fred Rosner, ''Encyclopedia of Medicine in the Bible and the Talmud'' (Rowman & Littlefield, 2000), p. 96.〕 The "demon of the privy" is the type of unclean spirit that in the early Christian era was regarded as causing both physical and spiritual affliction.〔Joel Marcus, ''Mark 8–16: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary'', Yale Anchor Bible series (Yale University Press, 2009), p. 652 (online. )〕 ==See also== * ''Triptych, May–June 1973'' by Francis Bacon * Unclean spirit 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Šulak」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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