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Acre ( or , , ''ʻAkko'', most commonly spelled as Akko; (アラビア語:عكّا), ''ʻAkkā'')〔Other spellings and historical names of the city include ''Accho'', ''Acco'' and (Bahá'í orthography) ''`Akká'', or formerly ''Aak'', ''Ake'', ''Akre'', ''Akke'', ''Ocina'', ''Antiochia Ptolemais'' ((ギリシア語:Ἀντιόχεια τῆς Πτολεμαΐδος)), ''Antiochenes'', ''Ptolemais Antiochenes'', ''Ptolemais'' or ''Ptolemaïs'', ''Colonia Claudii Cæsaris'', and ''St.-Jean d'Acre'' (Acre for short)〕 is a city in the northern coastal plain region of northern Israel at the northern extremity of Haifa Bay. The city occupies an important location, as it sits on the coast of the Mediterranean, traditionally linking the waterways and commercial activity with the Levant.〔("Old City of Acre." ), UNESCO World Heritage Center. World Heritage Convention. Web. 15 Apr 2013〕 Acre is one of the oldest sites in the world. Historically, it was a strategic coastal link to the Levant. In crusader times it was known as ''St. John d'Acre'' after the Knights Hospitaller of St John order who had their headquarters there. Acre is the holiest city of the Bahá'í Faith, and as such gets many Baha'i pilgrims. In the population was . Acre is a mixed city, that includes Jews, Muslims, Christians and Baha'is. The mayor is Shimon Lankri, who was re-elected in 2011.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Head to Head / Acre Mayor Shimon Lankri, is there a desire to 'Judaize' Israel's mixed towns? )〕 ==Etymology== The name 'Akka is recorded in Egyptian sources from about 2000 BC, with three signs (the initial guttural, "k" and "a"; followed by the sign for "foreign city").〔E. A. Wallis Budge, An Egyptian Hieroglyphic Dictionary. London: John Murray, 1920.〕 In the Amarna letters, written in Akkadian, the letter "H" is used to signify the guttural letters alef-heh-chet-ayin, and therefore it was possible to write the name of the city as if it were "Haca" or "Aca". Had the name not been preserved, we would not have been able to identify it with certainty with the name that appears in cuneiforms. In Assyrian the name has been preserved with the spelling "AKK".〔 The city was renamed Ptolemais during the Hellenistic and later Roman-Byzantine period, but was restored to Akka following the Muslim conquest. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Acre, Israel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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