翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ (+)-Camphor 6-exo-hydroxylase ・ (+)-car-3-ene synthase ・ (+)-Caryolan-1-ol synthase ・ (+)-cis-2-Aminomethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid ・ (+)-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase ・ (+)-CPCA ・ (+)-cubenene synthase ・ (+)-delta-selinene synthase ・ (+)-endo-beta-bergamotene synthase ((2Z,6Z)-farnesyl diphosphate cyclizing) ・ (+)-epi-alpha-bisabolol synthase ・ (+)-epicubenol synthase ・ (+)-gamma-cadinene synthase ・ (+)-germacrene D synthase ・ (+)-Larreatricin hydroxylase ・ (+)-Menthofuran synthase ・ (+)-Naloxone ・ (+)-neomenthol dehydrogenase ・ (+)-Pulegone reductase ・ (+)-Sabinene 3-hydroxylase ・ (+)-sabinene synthase ・ (+)-sabinol dehydrogenase ・ (+)-sativene synthase ・ (+)-T-muurolol synthase ・ (+)-Thujan-3-ol dehydrogenase ・ (+)-trans-carveol dehydrogenase ・ (-)-2β-(1,2,4-Oxadiazol-5-methyl)-3β-phenyltropane ・ (-)-2β-(3-(4-Methylphenyl)isoxazol-5-yl)-3β-(4-chlorophenyl)tropane ・ (-)-alpha-cuprenene synthase ・ (-)-alpha-pinene synthase ・ (-)-alpha-terpineol synthase Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク (+)-Naloxone ： ウィキペディア英語版 (+)-Naloxone (+)-Naloxone (dextro-naloxone) is a drug which is the "unnatural" enantiomer of the opioid antagonist drug (−)-naloxone. Unlike "normal" naloxone, (+)-naloxone has no significant affinity for opioid receptors, but instead has been discovered to act as a selective antagonist of Toll-like receptor 4. This receptor is involved in immune system responses, and activation of TLR4 induces glial activation and release of inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α and Interleukin-1. ==Relation of TLR4 to opioid drugs== Both "normal" and "unnatural" enantiomers of various opioid analgesic drugs including morphine, meperidine, fentanyl, methadone and buprenorphine, as well as some otherwise inactive metabolites like morphine-3-glucuronide, have been found to act as agonists of TLR4, and chronic use of these drugs consequently causes constant low-level release of TNF-α and IL-1β as well as other downstream effects. This is thought to be involved in various adverse properties of opioid analgesic drugs, such as loss of efficacy with extended use and the associated development of tolerance and dependence, as well as the development of side effects such as hyperalgesia and allodynia, which can cause long-term use of opioid analgesics to not only fail to treat neuropathic pain, but ultimately exacerbate it. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「(+)-Naloxone」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.