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semaphore : FOLDOC
semaphore
The classic method for restricting access to shared resources (e.g. storage) in a multiprocessing environment. They were invented by {Dijkstra} and first used in T.H.E operating system.
A semaphore is a {protected variable} (or abstract data type) which can only be accessed using the following operations:
P(s)
Semaphore s;
{
while (s == 0) ; /* wait until s>0 */
s = s-1;
}

V(s)
Semaphore s;
{
s = s+1;
}

Init(s, v)
Semaphore s;
Int v;
{
s = v;
}

P and V stand for Dutch "Proberen", to test, and "Verhogen", to increment. The value of a semaphore is the number of units of the resource which are free (if there is only one resource a "binary semaphore" with values 0 or 1 is used). The P operation {busy-waits} (or maybe {sleeps}) until a resource is available whereupon it immediately claims one. V


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